Ricardo Ramírez S.
Grammar
1 Presente
simple:
AFIRMATIVO
|
NEGATIVO
|
S+V (base form)+C
|
S+Aux (do)+Neg+V
(base form)+C
|
| * I/you/we/they/ eat * He/she/it/ eatS |
* I/you/we/they/ DON´T eat * He/she/it/ DOESN´T eat |
INTERROGACIÓN
|
Aux (do)+S+V (base
form )+C+?
|
| * DO I/you/we/they/ eat....? * DOES he/she/it/ eat....? |
AFIRMATIVO
|
NEGATIVO
|
S+V (pasado)+C
|
S+Aux (did)+Neg+V ( base form )+C
|
| * I/you/we/they/ studied * He/she/it/ studied |
*
I/you/we/they/ DIDN´T study * He/she/it/ DIDN´T study |
INTERROGACIÓN
|
Aux (did)+S+V ( base form )+C+?
|
| * DID I/you/we/they/ study...? * DID he/she/it/ study...? |
3 Futuro simple:
AFIRMATIVO
|
NEGATIVO
|
S+Aux (will)+V ( base form )+C
|
S+Aux (will)+Neg+V ( base form )+C
|
| *
I/you/we/they/ WILL travel * He/she/it/ WILL travel |
*
I/you/we/they/ WON´T travel * He/she/it/ WON´T travel |
INTERROGACIÓN
|
Aux (will)+S+V ( base form )+C+?
|
| * WILL I/you/we/they/ travel...? * WILL He/she/it/ travel...? |
AFIRMATIVO
|
NEGATIVO
|
S+ be (pres. Simpl.)+V (ing)+C
|
S+ be (pres. Simpl.)+Neg+V (ing)+C
|
| * I AM walking * You/we/they/ ARE walking * He/she/it/ IS walking |
* I AM NOT walking * You/we/they/ AREN´T walking * He/she/it/ ISNT walking |
INTERROGACIÓN
|
Be (pres. Simpl.)+S+V (ing)+C+?
|
| * AM I walking...? * ARE You/we/they/ walking...? * IS He/she/it/ walking...? |
5 Pasado simple continúo:
AFIRMATIVO
|
NEGATIVO
|
S+ be (pasd. Simpl.)+V (ing)+C
|
S+ be (pasd. Simpl.)+Neg+V (ing)+C
|
| * I WAS walking * You/we/they/ WERE walking * He/she/it/ WAS walking |
* I WASN´T walking * You/we/they/ WEREN´T walking * He/she/it/ WASN´T walking |
INTERROGACIÓN
|
Be (pasd. Simpl.)+S+V (ing)+C+?
|
| * WAS I walking...? * WERE You/we/they/ walking...? * WAS He/she/it/ walking...? |
AFIRMATIVO
|
NEGATIVO
|
S+ Aux(will)+ be(base form)+V (ing)+C
|
S+ Aux(will)+Neg+be(base form)+V (ing)+C
|
| * I WILL BE lending (yo estarè prestando) * You/we/they/ WILL BE lending * He/she/it/ WILL BE lending |
* I WON´T BE lending * You/we/they/ WON´T BE lending * He/she/it/ WON´T BE lending |
INTERROGACIÓN
|
Aux (will)+S+be (base form)+V (ing)+C+?
|
| * WILL I BE lending...? * WILL You/we/they/ BE lending...? * WILL He/she/it/ WILL BE lending...? |
7 Presente perfecto:
Se forma con to have a modo de auxiliar y el verbo en participio pasado
I have visited the museum- he
visitado el museo.....What have you done today? - ¿Qué has hecho hoy?
AFIRMATIVO
|
NEGATIVO
|
S+ Aux.(have/has)+V (P.p)+C
|
S+ Aux.(have/has)+Neg+V (P.p)+C
|
| * I HAVE bought...he comprado * You/we/they/ HAVE bought * He/she/it/ HAS bought |
* I HAVEN´T bought no he comprad * You/we/they/ HAVEN´T bought * He/she/it/ HASN´T bought |
INTERROGACIÓN
|
Aux.(have/has)+S+V (P.p)+C+?
|
| * HAVE I bought...? ¿he comprado? * HAVE You/we/they/ bought...? * HAS He/she/it/ bought...? |
AFIRMATIVO
|
NEGATIVO
|
S+ Aux.(had)+V (P.p)+C
|
S+ Aux.(had)+Neg+V (P.p)+C
|
| * I HAD bought...yo habia comprado * You/we/they/ HAD bought * He/she/it/ HAD bought |
* I HADN´T bought... * You/we/they/ HADN´T bought * He/she/it/ HADN´T bought |
INTERROGACIÓN
|
Aux.(had)+S+V (P.p)+C+?
|
| * HAD I bought...?¿ habia comprado? * HAD You/we/they/ bought...? * HAD He/she/it/ bought...? |
Se
usa: Para hablar
de algo que imaginas que ha terminado en un tiempo futuro (aunque en realidad todavía
no ha pasado!)
|| By this
evening I will have done my homework. || Antes de esta tarde, yo habré hecho mis deberes
AFIRMATIVO
|
NEGATIVO
|
S+ Aux.(will)+(have)+V (P.p)+C
|
S+ Aux.(will)+Neg+(have)+V (P.p)+C
|
| * I WILL HAVE bought... * You/we/they/ WILL HAVE bought * He/she/it/ WILL HAVE bought |
* I WON´T bought... * You/we/they/ WON´T bought * He/she/it/ WON´T bought |
INTERROGACIÓN
|
Aux.(will)+S+(have)+V (P.p)+C+?
|
| * WILL I HAVE bought...? * WILL You/we/they/ HAVE bought...? * WILL He/she/it/ WILL HAVE bought...? |
AFIRMATIVO
|
NEGATIVO
|
S+ Aux.(have/has)+be(P.p)+V(ing)+C
|
S+ Aux.(have/has)+Neg+be(P.p)+V(ing)+C
|
| * I HAVE BEEN
selling (he vendido) * You/we/they/ HAVE BEEN selling * He/she/it/ HAS BEEN selling |
* I HAVEN´T BEEN
selling (N
he vendido) * You/we/they/ HAVE BEEN selling * He/she/it/ HAS BEEN selling |
INTERROGACIÓN
|
Aux.(have/has)+S+be(P.p)+V(ing)+
C+?
|
| * HAVE I BEEN
selling...?
(he vendido) * HAVE You/we/they/ BEEN selling...? * HAS He/she/it/ BEEN selling...? |
11 Pasado perfecto
continúo:
AFIRMATIVO
|
NEGATIVO
|
S+ Aux.(had)+be(P.p)+V(ing)+C
|
S+ Aux.(had)+Neg+be(P.p)+V(ing)+C
|
| * I HAD BEEN
selling (
habia stado vendiendo) * You/we/they/ HAD BEEN selling * He/she/it/ HAD BEEN selling |
* I HADN´T BEEN
selling * You/we/they/ HADN´T BEEN selling * He/she/it/ HADN´T BEEN selling |
INTERROGACIÓN
|
Aux.(had)+S+be(P.p)+V(ing)+ C+?
|
| * HAD I BEEN selling..? ( ¿habia stado vendiendo?) * HAD You/we/they/ BEEN selling * HAD He/she/it/ BEEN selling |
AFIRMATIVO
|
NEGATIVO
|
S+ Aux.(will)+(have)+be(P.p)+V(ing)+C
|
S+ Aux.(will)+Neg+(have)+be(P.p)+V(ing)+C
|
| * I WILL HAVE BEEN
selling * You/we/they/ WILL HAVE BEEN selling * He/she/it/ WILL HAVE BEEN selling |
* I WON´T HAVE BEEN
selling * You/we/they/ WON´T HAVE BEEN selling * He/she/it/ WON´T HAVE BEEN selling |
INTERROGACIÓN
|
Aux.(will)+S+(have)+be(P.p)+V(ing)+C+?
|
| * WILL I HAVE BEEN
selling...?
* WILL You/we/they/ HAVE BEEN selling...? * WILL He/she/it/ HAVE BEEN selling...? |
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