ZERO CONDITIONAL (the result is ALWAYS true)
you can use other connectors: if, when, as soon as, as long as, providing, provided that
If clause: simple present
Result clause: simple present
- If you drop an object, it falls.
- If you drink a whole bottle of whisky, you get drunk.
- If you stand under the rain, you get wet.
-- It's used a lot with the imperative mode:
Call me when you finish.
On Windoes O.S. press Ctrl+A if you want to select all the elements on an active window.
Let Liz know if you need to do extra hours.
Connectors
if, when, unless, as soons as, as long as (en tanto), providing (~ as long as)
- Restart your PC when you see this message.
- Send me a message if you nee credit.
- You can log on the system as long as you have a user's name and pass.
- If you freeze water, it turn into ice.
- Install this App providing you know how to use it.
- Dont't call me if I'm at work unless you want me to get mad at you.
Uses
Users manual (action -> result / problem -> sol)
Troubleshoot guide
Text boxes
* FIRST CONDITIONAL (result is ONLY possible / "Present real")
if clause: simple present
result clause: will future
-- More specific than the zero conditional
- If I don't finish my task today, I'll have to come here on weekend
("have to" if it's not up to you)
- If I can't find more info about the product, I'll ask for help
- I'll let you know if I have a problem
- I'll email Liz if my PC breaks
- I'll go out tonight if I can get some money
- My mom will prepare my favourite dish if I'm nice to her
Uses: Planning meeting, Scrum meeting
SECOND CONDITIONAL (result is improbable)
"Present unreal"
if clause: simple past
result clause: would, could, might (not) may
englishclub.com
subjunctive = same verb form for all subject pronouns
If I were (informally was) you, I wouldnt wear that dress -- I were
-- I suggested "she" buy a new dress -- she buy (structure: suggest / demand)
I would be happier if I had my own car
for sale (en venta) vs on sale (en oferta)
THIRD CONDITIONAL (result is imposible, and even if we could go back to past, it's not sure we can change it)
if clause: past perfect (have + verb (past participle))
result clause: would, could, might --> aux have + verb (past participle)
If I had bought a present for my girlfriend on her birthday, she woudlnt have got angry with me (angry with/ mad at).
If I hadn't taken a taxi this morning I would have got here late.
If I hadn't got into my brother's room without knocking the door, I would't have seen him kissing his girlfiriend.
MIXED CONDITIONAL -- feedback, retrospectives, scrum meeting ** -- to don't make the same mistake again
-- llorar sobre la leche derramada
if clause: third cond
result clause: second cond -- affect the present situation
- If I had bought a present for my girlfriend on her birthday, she wouldn't BE angry with me.
- If I had called my dat last night, I wouldn't be in trouble.
- If I had washed my clothes last weekend, I would have something to wear now.
- If I hadn't gone swimming yesterday, I would't have a cold now.
KEY: FORESEE (PREVER)
+ Don't worry, anticipate.
EXERCISE
* If I don't improve my C++ skills it won't be as productive as I can be in the project.
* If the team don't get used to think in English, we all will have problems in our job interview.
* I'll eat chicken If I don't get out early for lunch.
* If things go the same way as now, Evo will win the elections again.
MORE ON 1st CONDITIONAL
There is/are/exists
There will be/was/were
What will happen if there are more cars in the world?
What will happen if there are more people in the world?
- What will we do if Romulo adds new people in the team?
- What will we do if Romulo moves people in the team?
- What will you do if the C++ exam is due for Friday?
- What will happen if there isn't a new president?
- What will you do with your first paycheck?
+ Don't worry, anticipate.
SECOND CONDITIONAL
- What WOULD you do if you didn't have to work?
-- No limits on questions
-- 'could' can be used in the if clause and result clause
- What would you do if the president invited you for working with him?
- What would you do to improve your neighborhood? -- if you had the opportunity
- What would you do if there was a flood or another natural disaster?
- If you could have a superpower, what would it (that) be?
(Answering)
- If there were a flood... (correct IN THIS CONTEXT (conditional clauses)-- subjuntive)
- If there was a flood... (informal)
- How would your neighbors react if there were a flood?
- What would you do to improve public transport?
TO DO: Think about the things that you'd never do.
CAUSATIVE HAVE -- things you don't do by yourself
Have + something + verb (past participle)
e.g. Do you do your nails, or do you have your nails done?
e.g. I have my car serviced twice a year.
e.g. I have my hair cut once a month
CAUSATIVE VERB (allow, ask, want, convince, beg, ...)
Verb + object pronoun / proper noun + infinitive
e.g. I don't allow my brother to use my laptop.
e.g. I asked my husband to buy a new lamp.
e.g. I want my girlfriend to go on a date with me tonight.
e.g. I convinced Roberto to buy me a sandwich.
e.g. We begged our trainer to give us more time.
OTHER CAUSATIVE VERBS: make and let + verb (base form, not infinitive)
e.g. I don't let my brother use my laptop.
e.g. My mom makes me water the garden (at least) three times a month.
THIRD CONDITIONAL
"Past unreal": result is imposible, and even if we could go back to past, it's not sure we can change it
if clause: past perfect (ave had + verb (past participle))
result clause: would, could, might --> ave have + verb (past participle)
- If I had studied more, I would have passed the test.
- If I had got(ten) up earlier, I would't have missed the bus.
- If I had not watched so much TV on weekend, I would't have had headache.
- If we had had a test yesterday, we'd have been busy.
If you had studied another career, what would you have studied?
CROSS-CULTURAL STUDIES
* Low-context -- Full honesty
- "No" means "no".
- Time: To have things done on time instead to wait for better results.
- Individualistic cultures
* No explanations unless they are demanded.
* High-context
- "No" could be "yes".
e.g. It's "almost" ready.
e.g. It's "ready" but...
e.g. "Done"
e.g. "5 minutes"
- Interdependant cultures
THIRD CONDITIONAL
- If I had had a meeting with my manager last week, I would have shown him/her my progress.
- If fixing my computer hadn't taken so much time, I would have more time for studying.
- If I had had a higher grade on my test, I would't be this worried. // mixed conditional (would 'be')
- If we had finished our tasks, we would't HAVE HAD to come on weekend.
